“Crewmembers aboard whaling ships, arriving in the Islands between 1820 and 1880, included a small number of Portuguese of Black heritage from the Cabo Verde Islands. Some of these sailors stayed in Hawai'i to become permanent residents, taking jobs as cooks, barbers, tailors, sailors on international vessels, and members of musical groups. Four Blacks formed a royal brass band for Kamehameha in 1834, and another Black, George W. Hyatt, organized a larger band in 1845.¹⁷

Marriages occurred with Hawaiians, and these people and their children became classified in censuses as Portuguese or Part-Hawaiian.”¹⁸

“There are the part-Negroes descended from the so-called ‘Black Portuguese’ men who came to Hawaii on whaling ships from 1820 to 1880. These men came from the Cabo Verde Islands, a Portuguese possession, and some were mixed bloods, while others may have been of pure Negro descent. They were classified as Portuguese in censuses before 1900. Their children were, for the most part, Hawaiian but there were some part Portuguese. Typically the Part-Hawaiian children of these Negroes married back into the Hawaiian or Part-Hawaiian group so that later generations were mainly of Hawaiian blood. Some of the children of these Negroes and Portuguese white women married into the Hawaiian group—probably most of them—so that the Negro-Portuguese mixed blood statistical group has tended to disappear, the more remote descendants being, in fact, Part-Hawaiian, but for census purposes often classified as Hawaiian. By 1940 it is probable that nearly all the descendants of these Black Portuguese were classified for census purposes as Part-Hawaiian and the number was, in all probability, between seven and eight thousand.” ¹⁹

“Portuguese with an African admixture, hailing from various islands off the west coast of Africa (known on Cabo Cod as Black Portuguese or ‘Bravas’) have from the earliest days of fur-trading and whaling in the Pacific constituted a not unimportant racial element among the seamen so engaged.... From an early period these Black Portuguese were to be found in the Hawaiian Islands. When William J. Pigot took command of the Forester at Hawaii in December, 1813, he took on board some Hawaiians to work the ship and with them a ‘Black fellow by name of Joe’ who seems to have been acquainted on the Northwest Coast. This man was probably identical with ‘Black Joe’ who ‘died of a fever’ the afternoon of July 27, 1828, and with ‘Portuguese Joe; an ancient resident of this Island (Oahu),’ whose son Manuel Joseph on March 31, 1843, filed a claim to some land in ‘the Valley of Manoa’ before the British Commission which for six months in 1843 governed the Hawaiian Islands.... On March 31, 1843, Richard Ford laid before the British Commission claims to land not only on behalf of the Portuguese Black Manuel Joseph but also of that of the colored men (nationality unspecified) Henry Wallace and William Levingston.”

“I am solicited by Manuele Joseph, the son of Portuguese Joe, an ancient resident of this Island.... this young Boy's Estate is situated in the Valley of Manoa.... there is a Premises, that did belong to his Mother, the same, he claims, as her son and Heir. The Father, and Mother are deceased, and are buried on the land of Manoa.” Since Portuguese Joe died on April 26, 1830 and was buried in Honolulu on April 27, 1830, years after Black Joe's death, it is not possible to consider them as the same man.

“Not only American Negroes and Portuguese blacks but also some ‘natives of Africa’ became residents of the Hawaiian Islands. The naturalization records include the following: John Francis, November 5, 1850…”²⁰

“On November 5, 1820, Don Francisco Marin received into his house a Negro named Julian Camilo, probably a black Portuguese, who had run away from the ship Liberty.” ²¹

These statements are a mere beginning for the student of the immigrants from Cabo Verde in Hawaii. The islands have been divided into two groups: Windward or Barlavento, including Santo Antão, São Vicente, São Nicolau, Boa Vista, and Sal, and Leeward or Sotavento: Maio, Santiago, Fogo, and Brava.²²

A statement which expresses an opinion, rather than being based on solid fact, is found in The Friend, vol. lxiii, no. 9, for September 10, 1906, signed by initials S.E.B.:

“40 and 50 years ago the great majority of our then small Portuguese population were whaling seamen brought from the Cape de Verd Islands, near the coast of Senegal, on which islands the people are mainly of part negro blood and exhibit the well known defects of the African race. ”

The presence of a group of descendants of immigrants from these is documented by a series of items between two rival local Portuguese newspapers in Honolulu in 1911.

A statement regarding the Portuguese immigrants was made by the Consul-General of Portugal, A. de Souza Canavarro, on October 30, 1911 to the effect that he considered that the Portuguese had greatly improved their situation by migrating to Hawaii.²³

According to the item, these words of the Consul General constituted a direct and concise answer to the editorial published in their paper the previous Saturday, and also were a slap in the face at the rival newspaper, edited by J. S. Ramos, and a full reply to the “argumentos loucos d'um discipulo ordinario de Esculapio e á rhetorica [sic] immunda d'um bandido padreco de côr e semblante de Caboverdeano indegina.” i.e., “crazy arguments of an ordinary disciple of Esculapius the god of medicine for Greks and Romans and the filthy rhetoric of an unworthy priest of the color and aspect of a Caboverdean native.”²⁴

“A colonia portuguesa das ilhas de Cabo Verde n'este Territorio acaba de ser ultrajada pelo [sic] os rabiscadores do Illuso do sabbado passado.

Querendo aquelles lorpas ridiculisar um dos collaboradores d'este jornal -diz -e á rhetorica [sic] immunda d'um bandido padreco de côr e semblante de Caboverdeano indigena.

Ora esta expressão é querer deprimir o honrado e industrioso filho das ilhas de Cabo Verde; quando nós todos sabemos que a colonia caboverdeana n'este Territorio apezar de pequena, é a mais educada instruida e industrial das colonias portuguezas aqui estabelecidas em proporção ao seu tamanho. Senão vejamos alguns que nos occorre n'este momento.

Os snrs. Centeios da rua Luzo, que sã o propietarios da maior mercearia portugueza n'esta cidade, bemquistos e estimados pelo commercio estrangeiro e por todos os portuguezes. O snr. M. J. Pereira, de Waimea, Kauai, o maior cultivador portuguez de canna d'assucar n'este Territorio, activo e emphehendedor [sic], outros que são propietarios de leitarias como o snr. Pires, do Kalihi, outros empregados em diversos ramos de negocios, etc., etc. fallando todos elles bom portuguez lendo-o e escrevendo-o.

A côr propria do caboverdeano é pois um signal de respeito e honradez, mais nobre e mais activa d'aquelle quem rabisca tal periodo que provavelmente tem a cara escura devido á sua sem vergonha, de caloteiro e trapaceiro que sã o as vertudes de quem assim procede, outros ainda parecem-se mais com chinos que com portuguezes.

Aquelles patricios que lhes agradeçam taes amabilidades.”

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[“the Portuguese colony of the islands of Cabo Verde in this Territory has just been outraged by the base writers of the Illuso” a play on words with “Luso”, meaning ‘Portuguese’ or ‘ Lusitanian,’ of last Saturday.

Those imbeciles wishing to ridicule one of the collaborators of this newspaper-speak of the filthy rhetoric of a bandit base priest of the color and aspect of a native of Cabo Verde.

Now this expression seeks to demean the honorable and hard working son of the islands of Cabo Verde: when we all know that the Caboverdean colony in this Territory despite being small is the most well bred, educated and industrious of the Portuguese colonies here established, in proportion to its size. But let us look at some of them that occur to us at this moment.

The Centeios of Luzo (later Lusitana) Street, who are owners of the largest Portuguese market in this city, well liked and respected by foreign commerce and all Portuguese, Mr. M.J. Pereira of Waimea, Kauai, the greatest Portuguese cultivator of sugar cane in this Territory, active and enterprising, others who are owners of dairies like Mr. Pires of Kalihi, others employed in different branches of business, etc., all of them speaking good Portuguese, reading it and writing it.

The very color of the Caboverdean is then a sign of respect and honor. Nobler and more active than the one who has been writing trash for so long that probably his face is dark because of his shame, for the virtues of a person behaving thus are those of a swindler and a crook, others still resemble Chinese more than Portuguese. Let those countrymen be grateful to them for such amiabllities.”]²⁵

“A origem da opposição—o pasquim dos malcontentes indecentes da expressã o—quer fazer capital com respeito á applicação e emprego que fizemos na semana finda relativo aos Cabo-Verdeanos.

Ê verdade que na expressão d'entã o insultamos os nossos patricios de Cabo Verde. Foi um lapso mental e por elle pedimos perdão á quelles que comprehendem a situação e ainda julgam que foram insultados.

Foi um insulto verdadeiro, que jamais commetteremos, comparar os nossos bons Cabo-Verdeanos com gente da classe do Dr. Pulha e do Padreco Bandido.

Os Cabo-Verdeanos são mil vezes superiores em caracter, educaç ão e moral aos Judas Iscariotas Pulha e Padreco.”

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[“The origin of the opposition—the yellow journal of the malcontents indecent in expression—wishes to make capital with respect to the application and use we made last week with regard to the Cabo-Verdeanos.

It is true that in the expression used then we insulted our fellow countrymen of Cabo Verde. It was a mental lapse and for it we beg pardon from those who understand the situation and still deem that they were insulted.

It was a true insult, which we never shall commit, to compare our good Cabo- Verdeanos with people of the sort of Dr. Pulha [Skunk] and the Bandit Base Priest.

The Cabo-Verdreanos are a thousand times superior in character, upbringing and morality to the Judas Iscariots Pulha [Skunk] and Base Priest.”]

The Cabo Verde Islands are located west of Africa, 16° 0' N. and 24° 0' W. and have an area of 1,539 square miles.²⁶

Off one of the islands, Brava, nineteenth century Yankee vessels anchored. The name “Bravas” (often pronounced in Hawaii “Brabas,” which would accord with Caboverdean phonetic practice)²⁷ came to be used of all Caboverdeans, no matter which specific island they came from, but usually equated with another term, Black Portuguese, since many Caboverdeans may have African ancestry in whole or in part.²⁸

In 1881 the Portuguese consul in Honolulu reported that the Portuguese colony in Hawaii, as of the earlier part of 1878, consisted of 420 Azoreans and 120 Caboverdeans: the Azorean group, he added, included sixty-six individuals who had come from California seeking employment. Most of the Caboverdeanos and some of the Azoreans married Hawaiian women, while other Azoreans secured wives from their native land. In a book published in 1930 are listed a few families, among whose members are Caboverdeans.²⁹ Further names are provided by a list of naturalizations for 1844-1894. Newspapers and census records provide further data.

A fairly complete list of early Hawaiian Caboverdeans, subject to corrections of various sorts, follows:

• In the 1900 census (E. D. 18, sheet 6) were listed Marcellino A. Alameda, who came to Hawaii in 1883, clerk in a grocery store, born June 1839 in Portugal, and children: Etta (b. 1874), Mrs. Mary Brito (b. 1869), who was widow of Caesar L. Brito, mother of Hannibal Almeida Brito (December 16, 1888-February 18, 1958), with OR&L Co. until retiring in 1949, was known as ”Mr. Baseball,” for his 37 years as an active player of baseball as ”crackerjack catcher” from 1907 to 1944, living at 351 N. School St., survived by sons: Archibald, transportation supervisor for HRT, and Hannibal, Jr., and daughters: Mrs. Clifford Brady, Mrs. Earl Rogers (whose son, Earl Rogers, Jr. was also a famous baseball player), Mrs. Charles Bishop, Mrs. Paul Hunig, Mrs. William Hardey; Caesar Brito (1890), Fanny Brito (Mrs. Ramey) (1891), Lidia or Lydia Brito (Mrs. Konnow) (1893), and Laura Brito (Mrs. M. J. Mellor) (1896). Their father, Caesar Brito, Sr., was born in Cabo Verde. [1910 census: Honolulu 282] and wife, Mary (b. 1842), all born in Portugal and coming to Hawaii in 1883. The name of C.L. Brito, 29, laborer, of Kapalama, appears in the Great Register of Voters of 1887.
• See the PCA of Jan. 23, 1895, p. 7 and Jan. 30, 1895, p. 7 for the arrest of C.L. Brito on a charge of embezzlement and his being adjudged a bankrupt. His creditors were to appear on the 8th of February to make their claims.
• Manuel Alexandre of Cabo Verde and Honolulu was naturalized on October 30, 1858, N-436. Manuel Alexandre of the Western Islands died at the age of 78 on April 30, 1877.
• M. Ana of Cabo Verde was naturalized on Octiber 30, 1858, N-436.
• Naturalization, H-2, gives the naturalization of Manuel Ana, São Nicolau, Cabo Verde, and Honolulu for January 10, 1849.
• The Friend, Dec. 1852, p. 88, c3, had a notice of the death on Oct. 20, 1852 at the age of 28 of Emah Antoine, native of Santo Antão, Cabo Verde, who was lost overboard.
• Naturalization, I-72, gives Francis Antoine of Santiago, Cabo Verde for July 8, 1850.
• Manini Antone of Cabo Verde was naturalized on May 3, 1879. I-65.
• Manuel Antoine, from São Nicolau, resident of Honolulu, got passport 897 in 1850. He was 26, a laborer, 5 feet 10 inches with dark hair, dark eyes and dark physiognomy.
• John Anton, born in Cabo Verde, resident in Honolulu, applied in 1849 for passport no. 379, He was a farmer, aged 30, 5 feet, 6 inches with black hair, black eyes, and black physiognomy.
• The PCA of November 25, 1858, p. 2, carried the item that Joseph Antone, a Portuguese from Fogo, Cabo Verde, was lost overboard and drowned. He was about 26 years old.
• The 1900 census, E. D. 24, sh. 3 has Manuel Antone, born June 1860 in São Nicolau, coming to Hawaii in 1883, with wife, Lilia, born Dec. 1868 in Hawaii with father from São Nicolau, and children, Maria, July 1886, Caroline, March 1887, Jose, Oct. 1888, Antone, May 1897.
• Naturalization O-432 has Francisco Antonio of São Nicolau, Cabo Verde and Ewa on February 24, 1866. On April 1, 1866 took place in Honolulu the marriage of Franciscus Antonio of Ewa and Kapaku of Kalihi.
• Julio Antonio of Cabo Verde and Moanalua was naturalized (O-243) on February 1, 1862.
• L. or Paze Antonio, Caboverdean, was naturalized (M-61) on December 6, 1854.
• Manoel Antonio of São Nicolau and Moanalua was naturalized on January 28, 1868, P-65. On January 28, 1868 took place in Honolulu the marriage of Manuel Antonio of Moanalua and Malie of Moanalua.
• Manoel Antonio, 36, and his wife, Roza Florinda, 36, were passengers on board the S. S. Hansa, coming to Hawaii in 1882, nos. 172-173 on the passenger list. They were born in Santo Antão, Cabo Verde Islands.
• Narcizo José Antonio of Cabo Verde was naturalized (H-72) on November 26, 1849. See Narcis Perry.
• Manini Antone – Naturalization 1.65 gives Manini Antone, of Cabo Verde and Kau, Hawaii, as naturalized 3 May 1879.
• Tom Antone, from Cabo Verde, in 1894 was 44 years old, had lived in Hawaii for 24 years, was a laborer and had lived in North Kohala, Hawaii. ³⁰ See Special Rights July 30, 1894 – 9 for Kau, Kona and Kohala. A Thomas Antonio, 36, laborer, appears at Halaula in the Great Register of Voters of 1887.
• John Arause, F, of Fogo, Cabo Verde, living in Lahaina was naturalized on November 22, 1847, F-100.
• On the Great Register of Voters of 1887 for Oahu, School Street is listed Manoel Avaro, 26.
• Manuel Baptist, from Cabo Verde, in 1894 was 35 years old, had lived in Hawaii for 11 years, was chief steward aboard the Claudine. ³¹ [1910 census: Oahu Co. 090 as Manuel K. Baptist with John K. Baptist.] His name appears as steward for Manoa, Oahu, aged 30, for the Great Register of Voters of 1887. See Special Rights – Oahu, Aug. 27, 1894 – 691.
• For Waianae, Oahu appears on the Great Register of Voters the name of Joao Baptiste, laborer, 50.
• Manuel Antonio Barreto, born in São Nicolau, a founding member of the Santo Antonio Society, died in Honolulu July 27, 1897. See Probate No. 3126 of the 1st Circuit Court. One daughter, by Marie Pali, was Agnes Soares (1867-1924), and another Rosaria Barete. In the 1900 census his widow, Maria Barrett, is listed as born in Hawaii May 1878. There were children: Julio, Francisca (June 1882), Emilia (Sept. 1887), Joe or Jose (Nov. 1888), Tiofo or Theoff (July 1890), Lutero or Lutello (Oct. 1894), Manuel (January 29,1897 – Dec. 28, 1962), later a captain with the Honolulu Fire Department, retiring February 28, 1958 with wife Rosalie Goodness B. (May 26, 1902-Jan. 22, 1976), parents of four sons: Walter K. and Roy K., with the fire department, Henry K., and Homer K., and daughters: Maunaloa and Patsy L. Barrett. There was also in the 1900 census a Frank Barrett, born in 1865 in São Nicolau, coming to Hawaii in 1888, with Hawaii-born wife, Maria L. (July 1875) and daughter, Akeneke (born in Hawaii in May 1897). [1910 census: Honolulu 155]. A daughter of Nicholas J. Lopez, Sr., grandson of Antonio J. Lopez, was Patricia Ann Lopez Barrett (born July 5, 1948), mother of a child, Christopher Thomas Barrett. The name of Manuel A. Barret, 53, milkman, appears for Kalihi in the Great Register of Voters of 1887. There was a Manuel Antonio of São Nicolau naturalized in Januarg 1868, P-65. See Whaler file.
• Manuel Barros, 23 at the time of the 1910 census (E. D. 49, sheet 7B), was born in Cabo Verde, as were his parents. He came to Hawaii in 1907 and was listed as a laborer. His wife (?), Mairean, was 43, and born in São Miguel. There were children listed: Annie, 15, Marian, 11, and Flora, 6. [1910 census: Honolulu 170]
• Luis Borros of Sãnto Antão, Cabo Verde and Ewa (L-80) was naturalized on June 24, 1854.
• Anton Plalito (Bright ?) or A(ntone) D. Bright, from Cabo Verde, in 1894 was 46 years old, had lived in Hawaii for 29 years, was a laborer living in Kalihi. ³¹ The 1878 census gives Anton Plalito, Portuguese male freeholder over 40 with Kahea, female and native over 40.
• The 1880 directory gives Antone Bright, blacksmith, in North Kohala.
• Antone M. (or D.) Bright, 48, of Cabo Verde, is listed of Portuguese origin in the list of Citizens' Guard Commissions for 1894?1895 in Kalihi with wife Kalaui or Kalani (B. June 1862), 32, children: Nuuanu, 12, and Niuaole, 7. He had lived for 29 years in Hawaii. See Special Rights, Oahu, Sept. 10, 1894 – 965.
• On July 24, 1878 took place the marriage in Honolulu of Antonius Bright and Juliana Kalani (born June 1862 in Hawaii according to 1900 census).
• See 1900 census, vol. 11, E. D. 23, sh. 10; Antone Bright, laborer, born June 1860, is there stated to have been born in Hawaii. He and his wife, Kalani, born in June 1862 in Hawaii, are listed with two adopted sons: Antone, born in Hawaii in 1886, and Jacob K., born in Hawaii in 1888. For Jacobus Bright's return to Hawaii after 24 years on the stage, see SB August 2, 1935, p. 1, c. 6-7).
• Antone Nuuanu Bright (May 13, 1881 – June 9, 1937) married Beckie Kealoha Kakalia on July 10, 1907 in Honolulu (O-56:34). They had a son: Alexander Pilialoha Bright (March 19, 1921 or March 9, 1922-June 2 or 3, 1946, see Advertiser. June 5, 1946, p. 2, c. 6).
• In a letter dated May 27, 1992, Dolores Furtado Martin enclosed the following information from a friend in Seattle, who studied about the black Portuguese in Hawaii:
• “Sol Bright is a great loss to the music world and to his many friends. I was very close to his father, Reverend Andrew Iaukea Bright, who was an authority on the history and legends of Hawaii. Through the old man I got to know Hannah, Andy, and Sol. I often met old Bright and his best friend ’Blacky’ Reis for long talks at the small traffic island near the Advertiser corner of King and Kapiolani – a short walk down to his church and home on Cooke Street. Rev. Andrew Bright would say with a hearty laugh, ’Well I'm a Hawaiian, but my father was a black-assed popolo—Portuguese from the port of Bravas, Cabo de Verde Islands, who changed his name from Da Brito to Bright. ’ His pal Blacky Reis looked enough like Andrew to be his brother. For he too was descended from the socalled ’Black Portuguese ’ or…“
• The Reverend Andrew Iaukea Bright was born in Kailua-Kona May 10, 1881, and died at 12:45 p. m. on November 15, 1939 (See Advertiser. Nov. 16, 1939, p. 2, c. 6; SB Nov. 15, 1939, p. 1). On January 14, 1904 he married Alice Keohi Kekipi, who was born in Kakaopala, Kohala, HI Nov. 17, 1885, and died in Honolulu Jan. 19, 1947. On the wedding license it says Andrew I. Bright was 23, Portuguese, residing in Kakaako, son of Antone De Bright and Hanna Bright, both Portuguese and residing in Kakaoko. Alice Kekipi was 18, daughter of the Reverend John Kekipi and Sara Kekipi, both of Kewalo. See also Tony Tadaro, “The musical Bright family,” in Paradise of the Pacific , Dec. 1952, pp. 11-13. According to Tadaro, the “family name Bright came from the Spanish name Brillante. It was the name of Mr. Bright's father, who was Spanish.” One son was Andrew Iaukea Bright (1906-1956), the “ singing cowboy,” married to Laura Bessa (See SB July 10, 1956, 1B; Advertiser. July 11, 1956). He had brothers: Sol[omon] (b. 1909), John (b. 1905), Eli (b. 1907), Simeon (married to Dorothy Rogers), Kalani, Weedon, Benny, and Sampson (24 years of age in 1952); sisters Mrs. David S. (Hannah) Harris (b. 1908), Mrs. Robert (Sybil) Andrews. Mrs. Sal (Lei) Recca, and Alice K. Bright, “Miss Oahu of 1938.” (See Mary Cooke, “Sol Bright: musical ambassador. ” in Advertiser March 16, 1973 D1.) Cooke states that Sol's grandfather was a Castilian Spaniard named Brito who stowed away on a sailing vessel bound for Hawaii, and later married a full-blooded Hawaiian woman, Hanamuahaleo Naihe, a great-granddaughter of Kamehameha I. The Rev. A. I. Bright permitted the children to speak the Hawaiian langusge only.
• See 1910 census of Hawaii E. D. 21, sh. 1-B. There Andrew Bright, carpenter, is said to have a father born in Portugal and a mother born in Hawaii. He and his wife, Alice, were living with her parents: John Kekipi, 49, preacher Protestant church, and Kaowiloa, 50. Their children were John, 9, Andrew, 4, Eli, 3, Hanna, 2, and Solomon, 5/12.
• For C.L. Brito, see under M. Alameda above.
• Victorio Brito, from the island of Fogo, was 23 years old in 1894, and had lived in Hawaii for 2 years. He was a laborer, living in Wailupe, Oahu. ³³ See Special Rights – Oahu, July 28, 1894 – 330.
• Antone Brown of Cabo Verde and Honolulu was naturalized (O-116) on May 27, 1860.
• John Anton Burgo, who died at the age of 90 in 1954 after living in Hawaii for 74 years, born in the Cabo Verde Islands on January 6, 1864, jumped a whaling ship in Hawaii, married Frances Faria and they had a daughter, Laura Burgo, married to Clarence F. Lewis, who were parents of Clarence P. Lewis, married to Mary Anne Colby, who had a son, Christopher Lewis, airlines worker.
• Domingos Cabral – The 1900 census, E. D. 24, sh. 39, has Domingos Cabral, 1884, born in São Nicolau, coming to Hawaii in 1882.
• The Rev. Manuel Joseph Cardoso, born in Cabo Verde on Oct. 7, 1868, a resident of Honolulu since about 1908, a widower, died in Honolulu on Dec. 30, 1944. See Advertiser Jan. 2, 1945, p. 2, c. 2. He was 76 years of age, living at 1023A North School Street, and was survived by sons: Isaac (in the South Pacific War Zone), Joseph (in the U. S. merchant marine), a stepson: Oscar Green, and daughters: Mrs. David K. Robinson, Mrs. James L. Stewart, Mrs. Mary Kealoha, Mrs. Ida Guinden, Mrs. Esther Snay of New Jersey, and Mrs. Joseph Gilbert of California.
• Manuel Cardoza, born in Cabo Verde on May 3, 1875, died in Honolulu on March 4, 1943. See SB, March 6, 1943, p. 4, c. 6 and Advertiser March 6, 1943, p. 3, c. 1. The city directory gave for 1932-33 Manuel J. Cardoza, auto opr h 3838b Claudine. He was 67 at the time of his death; he was living then at 909 Wiliwili Street and was a former employee of Matson Navigation Co. for 30 years. He was survived by a widow: Mary Cardoza, 5 sons: Joseph, Benny, John, George of Honolulu, and Anthony of New York City and by 2 daughters: Mrs. Amy Isnor and Mrs. Bessie Cheney.
• Celestrin of Cabo Verde and Hilo, Hawaii was aturalized (L-43) on September 20, 1853.
• Antonio Fernandes Centeio, born in Rosario, Brava, Cabo Verde Islands May 12, 1870, coming to Hawaii in c. 1894 (O Luso of Dec. 11, 1915, p. 6, stated that Antonio F. Centeio, native of Brava, came to Hawaii 21 years previous, after a few months in the United States), married in 1902 to Antonia d'Ornellas Teixeira, born in Kauai (12/13/1886-05/27/1927). He resided in Honolulu from about 1897, had a general merchandise business on 1460 Lusitana St. since about 1930, and died December 8, 1940. Had nine children: George Fernandes Centeio (February 24, 1903-December 13, 1967) bookkeper with Honolulu Motors, Catherine (1905) later school teacher and principal and married to Manuel Gomes from Madeira of the Star-Bulletin Publishing Company, William (1906), radio patrolman, Police Department, see his obituary in Honolulu Star Bulletin, June 23, 1969, D6:7; John (1907), Frank or Francis (1908), Benjamin, famous as a track star at UH, who also played football under Coach Klum and played baseball for the Hawaii League Braves, Athena (Mrs. Charles Fernandes, once president of the Portuguese Pioneer Civic Association), Anthony, Jr., and Wilfred. (HPM, p. 178; 1910 census E.D. 35, 30B under the surname Centiva [index Oahu Co. 261 with Antone, August, Antone F., Antonia F., Francis, George, John, Kate, William]; Advertiser Dec. 9, 1940 p. 5,c.5; SB; Dec. 9, 1940, p.1, c.2) Barbara Ann (Mrs. Roy Hitoshi) Yamashita is William's daughter. Catherine (Katie) Gomes, Antonio F. Centeio's daughter said that he came to Hawaii as captain of his own ship.
• The name of Antonio Coelho, 28, Fowler's Yard, appears in the Great Register of Voters for 1887.
• For William J.H. Coelho, and William J. Coelho, sometimes spelled Cuelho, see under Manuel Quail.
• The name of John Cook, also known as Joaquim Maliia, 57, laborer, Piihonua, appears in the Great Register of Voters of 1887. He was naturalized on Dec. 1, 1868, P-122.
• Daniel of Cabo Verde and Hilo was naturalized (O-4) on January 7, 1859.
• Ruffino Daniel of Cabo Verde was naturalized on June 9, 1851; K-9.
• Christiano Daviza, Black, born in 1860, came in 1877, married for 17 years, a prisoner, stone cutter, in the Hilo Jail. See 1900 census E. D. 61, sheet 22.
• Dinel of Cabo Verde was naturalized on January 12, 1854, H-14.
• Antone Domingo or Domingos of São Nicolau, Cabo Verde, and Kalihi, was naturalized (O-66) on June 18, 1859. Probate 1st circuit court 207 has Antone Domingos, naturalized, living in Ewa who died of a fever in Waialua June 22, 1870, leaving a widow, Hoohuli or Hookuli. On Nov. 19, 1867 took place in Honolulu the wedding of Antonius Domingo of Waimano and Tecla Ohuli of Puunui. Witnesses of the will were Kaanaana, Aur[elio] Forte, and Francisco Rodrigues. He had a son, Farani or Frank. Antone Domingo of Kalihi and wife, Ohule, took over a mortgage of property belonging to Andrew Fogo on February 3, 1868.
• Frank Domingo, Black, born in Portugal in 1836, who came in 1879 as laborer, according to the 1900 census (E. D. 25 sheet 3).
• Alika Aires or Ayeres Duarte – The 1900 census lists Alika Duarte, from Cabo Verde, also listed as Alicee Duarte. He was grandfather of Harry Paiaina if Honolulu, 808-531-2208. See also Aires or Aueres Duarte, husband of Mileka Paiaina, sister of Keawe Paiaina, in the Whalers file. He was born in about 1852. On May 18, 1875 took place in Honolulu the marriage of Ayeres Duarte of Puunui, Honolulu and Kileka (really Mileka Paiaina, sister of Keawe Paiaina. of Kamoiliili, Kona, Oahu). On Jan. 27, 1877 was baptized Helena ex Aires Duarti et Merika. Joaquim Coelho's second wife, Helena or Ellen Duarte, was born in Hawaii in April 1876. The 1890 census has Aleck Duarte and Mileka. The 1900 census Alicu Duarte of North Kona, wife Melika (born in Hawaii in 1858) with children Antone, Maria, Emilia, John, Maria, vol. 2, E. D 50, sh. 11, l. 31. The 1910 census has Alexander Duarte, 58, with children Antone, Maria, Elena, and granddaughter, Francisca Coelho, 2. See 1920 census, vol. 3, E. D. 103, 18 for Alika Duarte, 69. The 1900 census lists Alika Duarte, from Cabo Verde, also listed as Alicee Duarte. He was grandfather of Harry Paiaina if Honolulu, 808-531-2208. See also Aires or Aueres Duarte, husband of Mileka Paiaina, sister of Keawe Paiaina, in the Whalers file.
• Henry Antone Duarte, born Sept. 20, 1877 in the Cabo Verde islands, was stadium custodian. For obituary see newspapers c. April 15, 1955. He was survived by his wife, Mary S. Duarte, and children: Theresa Chock, Louis A. Duarte, John T. Duarte, Joseph R. Duarte, Frank G. Duarte, Richard B, Duarte of Honolulu and Albert F. Duarte of San Mateo, California. See 1910 census index Hawaii Co 081 North Kohala for Henry, Joe, John, Louise, Maria S., Theresa Duarte.
• Joseph Edwards, born in Hawaii in 1882, blacksmith, with parents born in Cabo Verde and Hawaii, married to Margaret, born in 1892. See 1910 census, E. D. 50, 20B-Oahu Co. 020).
• Antonio Enos – Antonio Enos of Natal, Cabo Verde and Waikiki was naturalized (N-104) on Nov. 17, 1855.
• John Espery – John Espery, of São Nicolau, Cabo Verde and Moanalua, was naturalized (O-426) on January 22, 1866.
• Joe Felix, born in São Nicolau in Oct. 1858, who came to Hawaii in 1880 (see census of 1900, vol. 11, E. D. 24, sh. 5) with wife, Ana, born in Hawaii in Feb. 1866, of father from São Nicolau and mother born in Hawaii. They had children: Tomar, son, Oct. 1883; Richard, July 1886; Mariana (Apr. 1888); Antone (Dec. 1891) and Joe (May 1897).
• Manuel Feloa of Fogo, Cabo Verde was naturalized (O-183) on July 2, 1861.
• Manoel A. Ferdinand, from Cabo Verde, in 1894 was 62 years old, had lived 40 years in Hawaii, lived on Beretania Street, Honolulu.³⁴ See Special Rights Oahu 1894 Sept. 13 – 1005.
• The name of Domingo Fernandez, 28, laborer at Halaula, Hawaii, appears in the Great Register of Voters of 1887 from the Cabo Verde Islands.
• Paulino Antone Fernandez, 42, of the Cabo Verde islands, appears iu the 1920 census, vol. 17, E. D. 89. sh. 18, living at Puunene, Maui, with wife, Julia, 33, born in Hawaii, and children: Elda, 14, Antone, Jr., 12, Maggie, 11, Lily, 9, Luis, 7, David, 5, Addie, 3, Julia, 2, John, 1/2.
• Antonio Filipi, Caboverdeano, was naturalized (I-37) on March 28, 1850.
• Andrew Fogo or Fogi of the island of Fogo, Cabo Verde Islands, was naturalized (O-237) on January 14, 1862. He died on February 6, 1869 at the age of 39, a sailor and a bachelor. He obtained land from José Araisa by deed (June 16, 1859 and mortgaged Dec. 26, 1867 by deed, Liber 24, mortgages, 462-463). Antone Domingo and his wife, Ohule, got the mortgage on February 3, 1868.
• The name of John Pook (John Fogo) appears in the list of naturalizations, P-122, Dec. 1, 1868, Kawiki, Hawaii, from Santo Tomé, Cabo Verde. He was also known as Keoni Poko.
• Bill Fogo is mentioned on pages 22 and 23 of Andrew Farrell's edition of Lorrin Andrews Thurston's Writings of Lorrin A. Thurston (Honolulu: Advertiser Publishing Co., Ltd., 1931): “My saddle… was stolen. I reported the theft… and knowledge of it came to the ears of one of our neighbors, a black Portuguese, who had come to Hawaii from the island of Fogo, off the African coast, and was known as Bill ‘Fogo.’ He was the lessee of a small ranch and the owner of a few head of cattle, and made butter for the Honolulu market. He was so sympathetic with me that he dropped his work and accompanied me to Wailuku, where we spent the whole day in a vain search for the saddle. Failing to find it, he paid $35 for a Mexican saddle of black leather, which he presented to me, without any expectation of reward—it was an expression of sheer kind-heartedness and generosity.” The incident must have taken place between 1868 and 1874.
• Francis Franks, * born at Providence, Rhode Island, August 22, 1889, married to Carmen Grace Dias of Honolulu (June 18, 1898-August 24,1954 in Oakland, see Honolulu Star Bulletin. August 26, 1954, p. 28) on July 6, 1917 and died in Oakland, California September 19, 1950 (Advertiser September 20, 1950, p. 3:4), was son of John Franks or Frank from Cabo Verde Islands, who was born June 19, 1846 and came to Hawaii in about 1890, and Eulalia Fernandez Franks from Funchal, Madeira, connected with the Wilder Steamship Co. Ltd., and later the Inter-Island Steam Navigation Co.,Ltd., retiring from the sea, in 1924, and also a housepainting contractor. (Advertiser December 3, 1940, p. 1). He and Carmina Dias (sister of Theodore V. Dias, Lydia Soares, Clothilde Faria, and Mrs. Manuel Canha, all of Honolulu) had children. He was Vice-President and Treasurer of the Hawaiian Trust Co., Ltd. The children were Eulalia Irene (Mrs. Pacheco of Oakland), Frances Carmen (Mrs. Herbert Moore of Honolulu) and John Earl of Oakland. (HPM, p. 226). Children of John included Arcenia (Mrs. Gomes of California) (1885), Annie (1888), Lui or Luis (1892), Joseph (1895) of Honolulu, Lucy (1896) later married (for her marriage to Robert Drummond, see Advertiser December 2, 1924, p. 5, c. 7), public school teacher; Alfred (1899); Frederick of Kaneohe and the Niumalu Hotel; Joseph with contractor M. J. Serpa. See 1910 census E.D. 33, sh. 20A-Oahu Co. 199, where Frank is listed as painter.
• Joe Frates or Fratis of Brava, Cabo Verde, was naturalized (P-87) on April 11, 1868 and on the same day married to Paikana.
• Antonio George of Sã o Nicolau, Cabo Verde was naturalized (N-308) on April 30, 1857.
• Gigi – The 1900 census, E, D. 20, sh. 3 gives Gigi, born in 1834 in the Cabo Verde islands, coming to Hawaii in 1860.
• Joaquim Gomes of Cabo Verde was naturalized (O-289) on July 7, 1863.
• John José Gomes, born in Brava, Cabo Verde Islands, to José Gomes and Arsenia Pina; married to Maria Julia Medeiros, of Fajã de Baixo, S. Miguel, daughter of Jacintho Medeiros and Francisca Emilia Bento, São Miguel. He was resident of Hawi from 1902. Was an overseer on the plantation, the Kohala Sugar Company. He owned property and had children: Laura and Violante (PHM, p. 21).
• José Vicente Gomes, from Brava, was a founding member of the St. Antonio Society. He died sometime before February 14, 1893 in a San Francisco hospital; he was a cook for the crew of the ship Claudine. The name of Joe Gumes, 50, cook, Emma Street, appears in the Great Register of Voters of 1887.
• Joseph Gomes of Cabo Verde was naturalized (P-186) on December 2, 1869. Possibly José Vicente Gomes.
• Manuel Gomes of Fogo was naturlized on December 15, 1862, O-284.
• Manuel Gomez of Cabo Verde was naturalized (I-63) on December 29, 1853.
• Peter Gomez, as Negro, appears in the 1900 census, vol. 2, E.D. 54, sh. 22, born in Portugal in 1840, stone mason, living in Kau, married 16 years to his wife, Phillema, born in Portugal in Feb. 1860, with children: Antone (June 1889), John (Aug.1891), Joseph (Aug. 1892), Maria (Dec. 1894), Emanuel (Nov. 1895), Malinda (June 1896), Isabella (Jan. 1897), Virginia (Feb. 1900). The third son was probably Sgt. Joseph P. Gomes, 16 years a police officer, born in Maui, died at the age of 78 on about Nov. 26, 1969 (See SB, Nov, 26, 1969; Advertiser Nov. 27, 1969, survived by widow: née Carolyn Rivers (Sept. 29, 1889 Hawi, Kohala-June 1, 1955).
• Julian Gonsalves – The name of Julian Gonsalves, 35, teamster, Piikoi Street, appears on the Great Register of Voters of 1887 as from the Cabo Verde Islands.
• Louis Gonsalves – The name of Louis Gonsalves, 58, laborer, Kalihi appears in the Great Register of Voters of 1887 as from the Cabo Verde Islands. See PCA of July 22, 1871, p. 3, Nov. 4, 1871, p. 3, Feb. 17, 1872 for his work on a milk-ranch in the neighborhood of Honolulu and domestic problems. See also Whalers, for his marriage. A Louis Gonsalves of Brava was naturalized on October 3, 1863, O-273. louis Gonsalves (born in Brava, March 1840) married Catherine Kauwa (b. Sept. 1852) their son was Louis Manini Gonsalves (1865-27 Feb. 1924), married to Mary Kaniniuliilii Kapiko (abiut 1870-about 1926) nnd they had children Annie (born 9 May 1893, married 22 Aug. 1908 to Sam Fon or Sam Fong, 1868-1939, with son William Palenapa Sam Fong, 2 Sept. 1902, died 21 Sept. 1985, died 25 Feb. 1954), Peter Manini Gonsalvesa (1890), Ceciia (1889), and Manuel (1887).
• Manuel João Gonçalves, born in Brava, Cabo Verde Islands (1870(?)-1937), married to Maria Rodrigues Castanha (November 17, 1882-March 8, 1958) [see Advertiser 3/12/58, A5:1], born in Madeira to Manuel Rodrigues Castanha (March 17, 1845-Dec. 9, 1935) and Maria de Jesus Camara Castanha (Nov. 10, 1853-July 10, 1936), and came to Hawaii in about 1885. He was a resident of Kalihi-uka, at 2603 Kalihi, from about 1891 and worked for the Wilder S. S. Co., had ranch and farm business and from about 1919 had been janitor of Kalihi-uka school; owned property and had children: Mrs. Joseph (Julia) Magone (1906) of Pasadena, Mrs. Louis (Maria) Camacho of Honolulu, Mrs. Angelica or Angela Caires of San Leandro (1909), João or John F. Gonsalves of Long Beach, Magdalena, Mrs. Paul (Virginia) Lipinski of Chicago; and Gabriel P. Gonsalves, born in Kohala, who died October 1, 1966 at the age of 53, of 214 Waimeli Place, Honolulu, survived by Mrs. Flora Gonsalves; and Mrs. Eliza Jardine, Antone, and Joaquine (see Advertiser October 21, 1966, D3:2) as well as perhaps a daughter Margaret (9/17/1910-2/12/1925). (HPM, p. 170). See also 1910 census, E. D. 48, 7B-Honolulu 136, when they were living at Kaiulani Tract. At this time, the birth years of the parents seem to have been in about 1870 and 1881. He is said to have had a love affair with a Hawaiian woman, whom he abandoned, and who later wished bad luck on the family through the efforts of a Hawaiian kahuna.
• Theophilo Grace was born in Cabo Verde on March 6, 1857 and was a retired coffee planter at the time of his death in Honolulu on April 28, 1944. See Advertiser Apr. 29, 1944, p. 5, c. 1 and SB Apr. 29, 1944, p. 5, c. 3. He lived at 6078 Kalanianaole Highway, and was survived by a brother: Julio Grace, 2 daughters: Mrs. Jennie Cabral and Mrs. Mary Correa; 3 sons: Mathias Grace, Charles Grace, and Antonio Grace.
• The Register of Voters for 1887-1888 gives as living on Oahu John Gracia, 58, Kalihi, from Cabo Verde, a laborer.
• Julia [née Richard ?] Guerrero, wife of [Joseph] Guerrero of Guam, who was born in Dec. 1861. Julia was born to a father from São Nicolau and mother from Hawaii in Hawaii in Dec. of 1863 (?) and was the mother of seven children: Julia (Oct. 1885), Rosa (March 1886), Frank (Feb. 1889), Mariano (March 1891), Jos. Liuai (Feb. 1892), Antonio S. M. (June 1897), and Annie (Nov. 1899). They lived together with a boarder, possibly her brother, Nicholas Richard, born in Nov. 1881 in Hawaii of father from São Nicolau and mother from Hawaii. Joseph Guerrero was a policeman according to city directories of 1899 and 1900. He was listed as a salesman by the census. See under Richard also.
• Joseph Haywood, 42, mulatto, born in São Vicente, as were his parents, is listed by the 1910 census (E. D. 41, 3B-Honolulu 156) as a laborer with 1900 as the year of his arrival in Hawaii. He was married to Jessie, 36, part-Hawaiian, born of Portuguese parents, and they had children: Henry, 18, and Manuel, 6, born in Hawaii. They lived on Cunha Lane.
• Peter Hose See Advertiser Jan. 5, 1925, p. 1, for item: “Famous Hula Cop dies of tuberculosis:” “Peter Hose, Honolulu's ‘Hula Cop,’ big, smiling, hearty, known by nearly every man, woman and child in Honolulu and easily remembered by tens of thousands of world tourists who have passed through Honolulu the last 18 years, is no more. ‘Pete ’ made a gallant, though a losing, fight. One morning… he left Leahi for home. ‘I know I am going to die,’ he said, ‘and I am going to die home, among my own kin folks.’ He died last evening at his home, 1556B Ahiahi street. Born in Kahauiki, this island, September 29. 1881. He was connected with the city police force for 18 years, serving long as a traffic cop. For a time he was out of the police service, holding the position of overseer of school janitors. Returning to the force, he was put on waterfront duty. He was a member of the Lusitana Society, his father being a native of the Cabo Verde Islands belonging to Portugal. He is survived by his widow and a grandchild. There is also a stepson, Solomon Haumea.” His widow, Mrs. Hattie Hose, a native of Hana, Maui died at the age of 59 (?) in December, 1931, and was buried in the Puna Cemetery. A bronze tablet was made in his memory (see newspaper items: Feb. 11, 1927, March 19, 1927); it was moved from the Emma-Lusitana-Iolani corner to the cannon island at Queen and Fort Streets. (See newspaper items for Sept. 26, 1933 and June 2, 1940).
• See John Scott Boyd Pratt: The Hawaii I Remember (Kaneohe: Tongg, 1965), p. 24: “One more colorful person comes to mind, the ‘Hula Cop,’ Peter Jose. He stood daily at Fort and Merchant, sometimes at the bad corner of Emma, School, and Lusitana. As he directed the traffic, he used his hand as in a hula and for that reason he was known as the Hula Cop. He was very friendly and popular.”
• His mother was Malia Pedro Nicholas, widow of Antonio Lawrence Pedro. She was born in Honolulu on July 12, 1832, and died there Apr. 28, 1943. See Advertiser 1943 Apr 29, p3, c3.
• There was more than one “hula cop.” See Espinda (Leonard Michael) under Espinda, Whalers File.
• F. Houghton of Cabo Verde was naturalized on February 24, 1866.
• Joseph Innis of (Enos or Ignacio ?) Brava, Cabo Verde was naturalized (N-361) on November 17, 1857.
• Manuel Patrocinio Jerves, born in Lihue, Kauai, April 15, 1893, son of Madeiran parents. He married Anna Maria Pereira (July 8, 1894-Nov. 2, 1948), daughter of Manuel Joaquim Pereira (Cabo Verde Islands), and Christina da Conceição Cabral of São Miguel. He was resident of Kalaheo, Kauai, from 1895, and worked in the Pineapple Plantation. They had four children minors in 1930; Christine, Bernard, Bernice, and Veronica. (PHM, p. 136) [1910 census Kauai Co. 073 Kaloa district]. His death took place August 7, 1942; he was a veteran of the 2 HI. Infantry in WW1.
• Antone Joaquim – Naturalization O-314 has Antone Joaquim of Boa Vista, Cabo Verde and Honolulu for Oct. 31, 1863. On Oct. 31, 1863 took place the marriage of Antonius Joseph and Awili.
• Antonio Joaquim – Naturalization P-201 has Antonio Joaquim of Cabo Verde and Waimalu, Ewa on Jan. 29, 1870. He might be the man from Santo Antao who, in 1894, was 63 years of age, and had lived in Hawaii then for 30 years, and was a rancher living in Kula.
• Manuel Joaquim, from Santo Antão, in 1894, was aged 63, had lived in Hawaii for 30 years, was a rancher, living in Kula, Maui.³⁵ [1910 census Maui Co. 272-Kamaole] Miguel Joaquim – Naturalization P-10 has Miguel Joaquim of Santo Antão, Cabo Verde and Molokai for February 2, 1867.
• Peter Joaquim, from Cabo Verde, was in 1894 59 years old, who had lived 30 years in Hawaii, was a laborer and lived in North Kohala, Hawaii. ³⁶See Special Rights for West Hawaii July 30, 1894 - 19. [1910 census ? Honolulu 125] The Great Register of Voters of 1887 gives Peter Joaquim, 41, laborer of Puehuehu, Hawaii from the Cabo Verde Islands.
• Antonio José, from Cabo Verde, residing in Honolulu, got a passport 893 in 1850. He was 33, a laborer, 5 feet 8 inches, with dark hair, dark eyes, sallow physiognomy. There were marriages on Maui of Antone José to Pekana on May 29, 1872 and to Kaaipuni on January 25, 1873 on the island of Maui. On July 29, 1911, p. 4, O Luso mentioned the death of Antonio José, 19, son of the Ewa luna, Antonio José. See Antonio Joseph, Caboverdeano, naturalized on Jan. 18, 1845, C-87. Also Antone Jose, Caboverdeano, naturakized on Dec. 2, 1872, P-318.
• There was a Manuel Joseph of Cabo Verde naturalized on January 12, 1854, without number.
• Manuel Joseph of Cabo Verde and Lahaina was naturalized (N-124) on December 10, 1855.
• Peter Joseph, from the Cabo Verde islands, in 1894 was 32 years old, had lived 17 years in Hawaii, was a rancher, and lived in Kula, Maui.³⁷ [910 census-Maui Co. 017 Kipahula or 267 Kamaole]
• Rodero Joseph – The Great Register of Voters of 1887 carries the name of Rodero Joseph, 32, laborer, Kapalama, from the Cabo Verde Islands.
• Serafine Joseph – Serafine Joseph of São Nicolau, Cabo Verde and Ewa was naturalized (O-96) on January 14, 1860.
• Thomas Joseph – Thomas Joseph of Cabo Verde and Ewa was naturalized (N-59) on July 2, 1855.
• J. F. King – J. F. King of Fayal, Cabo Verde, and Waikapu was naturalized (N-37) on April 9, 1855.
• Ricardo Antonio Lavelli or Nazevelhe of Cabo Verde and Moanalua was naturalized (O-298) on May 18, 1863. Could this be Ricardo Antonio Xavier?
• Andrew Lawrence of Cabo Verde was naturalized (O-18) on February 3, 1859.
• Antonio Joaquim Lopes, from Boa Vista, was a founding member of the St. Antonio Society. See 1st Circuit Court will No. 331. He was a rancher in Waialua according to the 1909 city directory. In 1894 he was 64 years old, had lived in Hawaii for 35 years. He was a rancher, living in Waialua, Oahu. ³⁸ See Special Rights Oahu Aug. 31, 1894 - 794. He died in Waialua on March 9, 1908. He had children: Antone Joaquin Lopez (1890-1969), Rosa Lopez Medeiros (1892-1952), Clara Lopez Abdul (1893-1942), Manuel Joaquin Lopez (1894-1948), Caesar Lopez (1896-1957), Richard Joaquin Lopez (1897-1978), Christina Lopez Tavares (1898-1970), and a godson Joseph Pimental Medeiros (1883-1946). The last-mentioned J. P. Medeiros married Helen Guerreiro on February 17, 1906.
• Bras Lopes of Fogo WI was naturalized on Jan. 10, 2867 P-5.
• [The Register of Voters of 1887-1888 gives Christian Lopes, 47, born in the Cabo Verde Islands, laborer, living at Moanalua on Oahu. Possibly the same as the following entry.]
• The Register of Voters of 1887-1888 gives Christopher Lopes, 47, laborer, Kapalama as from the Cabo Verde Islands.
• Antone Lopez – Antone Lopez of Cabo Verde was naturalized (P-199) on January 17, 1870.
• Christian Lopez – See PCA of July 22, 1871, p. 3, Nov. 4, 1871, p. 3, and Feb. 17, 1872 for problems between Christian Lopez, Portuguese of African ancestry employed as driver of a milk-wagon and his co-worker, Luis Gonsalves, over the latter's wife. See Christian Lopes.
• Edward Lopez – The Great Register of Voters of 1887 gives Edward Lopez, Puehuehu, Hawaii, 32? laborer from the Cabo Verde Islands. He may be the same person as Edwardo José Lopes, native of the island of Fogo, who came to Hawaii “30 years ago” according to O Luso of Dec. 11, 1915, p. 6.
• Joao Lopez – The name of Joao Lopez, 40, physician, Punchbowl Street, appears on the Great Register of Voters of 1887 as from the Cabo Verde Islands. See Special Rights Sept. 12, 1894 - 999.
• Joe Lopes (?), from Santo Antão, in 1894 was 30 years old, had lived in Hawaii for 17 years, was a rancher, living in Kula, Maui.³⁹ [1910 census? Maui Co.176 Hamakuapoko]
• The name of Jose Lopez, 24, laborer, Halaula, Hawaii appears on the Great Register of 1887 as from the Cabo Verde Islands.
• José Antone Lopez or Joe Anton Lopez, from Cabo Verde, was in 1894 35 years old, had lived in Hawaii for 19 years, was a laborer. See Special Rights Oahu Aug. 15, 1894 - 590.
• One Joe Lopez was steward on the S.S. Australia.⁴⁰ [1910 Census Oahu Co. 020 ?]
• Joseph Lopez, from Cabo Verde, in 1894 was 32 years old, had lived in Hawaii for 13 years, was a teamster and lived on Lunalilo Street, Honolulu. ⁴¹ [1910 census-134 or 155 Honolulu].
• Lawrence Lopez of Cabo Verde and Honolulu was naturalized (O-370) on December 28, 1854.
• Manuel Lops (?) of Cabo Verde and Honolulu was naturalized (H-32) on May 17, 1849. Matthew Lopez The Friend Nov. 11, 1857 p88, c3 had Matthew Lopez, native of Cabo Verde, died at sea on board ship Oct. 25, 1857. PCA 1857 Nov. 12, p. 2 c. 1.
• Pedro Lopez, from Cabo Verde, residing in Lahaina, obtained in 1849 passport no. 424. He was 25 years old, a shoemaker, was 5 feet 9 inches with black hair, black eyes, and dark physiognomy. A Peter Lopez of Cabo Verde was naturalized (G-91) on November 29, 1848.
• Philip Lopez – The name of Philip Lopez, 50, Fowler's Yard from Cabo Verde Islands appears on the Great Register of Voters of 1887.
Seraphine Lopez, Caucasian, dairyman, born in 1859 in Cabo Verde, who came to Hawaii in 1880, with wife, Hawaiian, Pakela or Pakele and children: Keania (1891), Louis (1892), Seraphine, Jr. (1893), Maria (1894), Kalata (1895), Kamaki (1896), John (1897). See 1900 census, E. D. 49, sheet 9, and 1910 census-Hawaii Co. 055-056 South Kona for Koma, Koma, Marlin, Pakele, Serofin Lopes].
• Edwart Lopila, born in 1861, came to Hawaii in 1885, married to Mary G., born 1878, came to Hawaii in 1884. They had children: Edwart (1900), Floria (1900), John (1904), Rosline (1906). See 1910 census ED35, 31A-Oahu Co. 263.
• Joseph Lorenzo The Friend of 1846 Dec. 1 p.183 c2, died Nov. 10, 1846 at age of 25, from Cabo Verde.
• Joe/Joseph Lutero (see Advertiser Dec. 24, 1942, p. 5, c. 3 SB 1942 Dec. 23 p9 c2) born in October 1845 São Nicolau, Portugal, came to the islands on whaling ship from São Miguel (67 years prior to death) in 1875. He died on December 23, 1942 at the age of 89 years. He was foreman at the Honolulu Iron Works. He had a son, Peter Lutero, and 6 daughters: Mrs. Peter Perry, Mrs. Joseph Barros of California, Mrs. Dorothy Reyes, Mrs. Fannie Trabus (b. 1892), Mrs. Julius H. Vonderwall, Mrs. William Rogers who survived him at his death on December 23, 1942. He had a daughter, Mary or Maria Melekule Lutero, born in 1893, who died 11/22/1928, and his wife was Nathalie Lutero, b. June 1862 in Hawaii of father from São Nicolau and mother from Hawaii, who died Nov. 28, 19 -. (See 1900 census E.D. 24, sh. 4). In the 1910 census, E. D. 48, 30B-Honolulu 159, he was 63 years old and had been married to Mary D., Hawaii-born of parents born in Hawaii, who was 30, for 3 years. He lived at 1156 Richard Lane, Honolulu. The Great Register of Voters of 1887 has in Kalihi Joe Lutherio, 37, laborer as from the Cabo Verde Islands.
• Antonio José de Luz – The name of Antonio José de Luz, 25, laborer, Halawa, Hawaii appears as from the Cabo Verde Islands on the Great Register of Voters of 1887.
• For Joaquim Maliia, see above Manuel Cook.
• Antonio Manteiro of Cabo Verde was naturalized (P-8) on January 26, 1867.
• See Naturalization P-134 for Maxamera or Alexandre Manoel of Brava, Cabo Verde, and Hilo on 22 Feb. 1869.
• See naturalization N-282, Jan. 5, 1857 for Antone Manuel, Caboverdeano.
• Antonio Manuel, from São Nicolau, Cabo Verde Islands, was naturalized in 1849, H-17. He received land in Hawaii, according to 1843 British Commission Land Claims records in 1823 and in 1834. One Antonio Manuel married the daughter, Ellen (Olina), of Don Francisco de Paula Marin. They had a child, Manini Manuel (1843-1880), married to Kalehua Kukuahi. Their son was John Francis Manuel, married in 1902 to Rose Puni[u]haole, parents of Kalehua Manuel (b. 1903) married to Antone Lopez, father of Catherine Lopez, married to Elias Garcia, John Lopez, Dorothy and Dolores Lopez, twins, the latter of whom married Alfred M. Hoopii, Antone Lopez, Ernest Lopez, father of Rose Kalehua (b. 1936) who married Harold Lyau (d. 1980). Antone Manuel (May 5, 1873-July 2, 1946) was Territorial Deputy High Sheriff. (See Advertiser, July 25, 1946, p. 2, c. 5) Another Antonio Manuel died November 23, 1876 at the age of 47. (See Hawaiian Gazette, Nov.26, 1876, p. 3, c. 1). And Antonio W. Manuel died March 2, 1875 aged 22. (See The Friend, Apr. 1875, p. 29). Another Antonio Manuel married Theresa Souza on December 9, 1899 in Honolulu. Mrs. Luahine K. Manuel died in Honolulu December 31, 1940 over 90 years of age. (The Friend, Feb. 1911, p. 24, c. 2).
• There was also a son John Manini Manuel, born in May 1904 in Honolulu, who died at the age of 48 on September 4, 1952 (Advertiser September 6, 1952 II 11.6), foreman at Matson Steamship Co., survived by a widow, Cecilia Kikilia Mahi, born on June 12, 1922, and six sons: John (Jan. 26, 1942), Henry (Mar. 4, 1943), Paul M. (Feb 21, 1944), James (Apr. 18, 1946), Alfred Kawai (June 16, 1947, deceased), Everertt(e) (Dec. 15, 1948), adopted by James Whitney, and Charles (Dec. 15, 1949), not married but with two twin daughters by Amora Luna: Jeanine and Jeanelle Luna, and two daughters: Mrs. Alice Santos, by his first wife, Alice Parker, and Philiminia M. Manuel (May 29, 1940), married to Ernesto C. Padapat with children Ernesto (1966), Cecilia (1968), Alejandra (1972), and Charlene (1973), a brother, Paul J. Manini [sic], a sister, Mrs. Rose Kupau.
• Joseph H. Manuel, married to Sapuahole on January 19, 1855. He may have been Joseph Manuel, of Fayal; naturalized November 11, 1845 (C-191). The 1900 census gives Joseph Manuele, born in Portugal Setember 1821, and wife, Kapuli, born in 1840 in Hawaii, resident in Koolauopoko. They had been married 35 years; he had been in Hawaii since 1835. We have thought he must be the Reverend Manuel, a Protestant minister, considered Black by Fr. Yzendoorn. The evidence is not conclusive. The minister served as School Agent of the Board of Education in the years 1880-1885. He remains in some ways a man of mystery. Louis Manuel, laborer, Caucasian, born May 1865 in São Nicolau, who came in 1880 to Hawaii; he was married to Augusta, Caucasian, born in February 1875 in Hawaii, and arriving in Hawaii in 1883. They were living on the Hamakua Coast. See 1900 census E. D. 47 sheet 30A. Laie lists a Kilohi Manuel (Dc. 7 1881-May 8, 1937), son of Louis Manuel and Mama Kapu Kekahuna. The name of Lui Manuel, 35, laborer, Waihee, Maui, appears as from the Cabo Verde Islands in the great Register of Voters of 1887.
• Antonio McGill – Antonio or Antone McGill of Cabo Verde and Lahaina was naturalized (N-3) on December 30, 1854. McGill may be for Miguel.
• Jose Mendes – The name of José Mendes, 60, Beretania Street from the Cabo Verde Islands appears on the Great Register of Voters of 1887. Among the founders and charter members of the St. Antonio Society was a José Mendes of Madeira. Could this be the same man?
• Michael Mendes, Caboverdeano, was naturalized (E-11) on December 10, 1884.
• John Miguel, born in Santo Antão, Cabo Verde Islands on August 17, 1855, came to Hawaii in 1877, married to Carolina Moniz, (born in Furnas, São Miguel Oct. 5, 1878 and deceased August 20, 1947 on Maui), on June 10, 1895. He lived in Kula, [Maui] from 1877, owning a farm, and ranch business.⁴² There were at least fifteen children: Manuel (1896), Maria (1897), John, Jr. (1901), with the Makawao Water Works, Joseph (1902), Nicolau (1903), Antonia (1904), Frank (1905), Lucy (1907), Antone (1909), Rosa, Alfred, Claudino, Margaret, Ludovina, Marcellino, and Lewis. (PHM, p. 89) [1910 census Maui Co. 272-Kamaole, E. D. 90, 18A]. He died on December 11, 1941, and is buried in Kula.
• Joseph Miguel of São Nicolau, Cabo Verde and Lihue, Oahu [sic] was naturalized (O-189) on February 20, 1861.
• Henry Miller of Cabo Verde and Honolulu was naturalized (L-107) on April 13, 1854.
• Antone Miranda – Listed by the 1900 census, E. D. 20, sh. 3, Cabo
• Verdean Antone Miranda, born in 1874, coming to Hawaii in 1898, a milker.
M[anuel] R. Miranda, of Cabo Verde, in 1894 was a luna, aged 36, had lived in Hawaii for 5 years and lived on Punchbowl Street, Honolulu.⁴³ [1910 census ? Oahu Co. 237] See Special Rights Oahu Aug. 4, 1894 - 483.
• Joe Montaro, from Cabo Verde, in 1894 was 26 years old, had lived in Hawaii for 9 years, was a rancher, and lived in Holualoa, Kona, Hawaii.⁴⁴ See Special Rights for West Hawaii Aug. 10, 1894 - 104.
• Pedro J. Montaro (see Pedro Joaquim Monteiro)
• Antonio Monteiro – Antonio Monteiro of Santo Antão, Cabo Verde and Honolulu was naturalized (P-8) on January 26, 1867.
• Joao Monteiro – Joao Monteiro of Cabo Verde and Honolulu was naturalized (O-137) on August 18, 1860.
• Pedro Joaquim Monteiro – Pedro Joaquim Monteiro or Montaro of Cabo Verde and Kailua, Koolau, Oahu was naturalized (P-317) on November 2, 1872.
• Louis Montero, engineer, born in Hawaii in about 1877, of Portuguese and Hawaiian parents, listed as mulatto by 1910 census (E.D. 55, 3A-Oahu Co.190) with Hawaiian wife Mary (b. 1884), and children: Millie (1899) and Hattie (1907), perhaps of Waipahu.
• A part-Hawaiian named Antone Montero, born May 1874, was living with wife Mary (born in Hawaii in 1877) in Koolauloa, Oahu, according to 1900 census, vol. 12, E.D. 36, sheet 19, line 2-See 1910 census Honolulu 020-Kahuku Village.
• John Dwart Moraz {Duarte Moraes?}, from Cabo Verde, in 1894 was 30 years old, had lived in Hawaii for 10 years, lived in North Kohala, Hawaii, and was a laborer. See Special Rights July 31, 1894 - 39.
• The name of Joao Duarte Moraes, 23, laborer, Halaula, Hawaii from the Cabo Verde Islands appears on the Great Register of Voters of 1887.
• Nicholas – The name of Nicholas, 37, laborer, Waihee, from the Cabo Verde Islands appears on the Great Register of Voters of 1887. Nickolao (or Nicholas) and Puleka (or Huleka) Paalai, later Akana, born in 1860, had a daughter Abigail, born in Wailuku in October or November 2, 1881. On 22 November 1881 was born a child Abigail to Nicolau and Puleka (or Huleka) Paalai in Wailuku. Her parents were both born in Hawaii. See 1910 census, E.D. 81, sh 1A for Joe Rodrigues, 30, and wife, Abigail. For Huleka, 1910 census E.D. 81 sh 9B and 1900 census vol. 8 E.D. 102 sh 27 l.7.
• Naturalization N?445 has Fnsco. Niclao or Nicles of São Nicolau, Calaveras [Cabo Verde] islands, and Honolulu on Nov. 30, 1858.
• Nicholas Nichol – Nicholas Nichol of São Nicolau, Cabo Verde and Honolulu was naturalized (O-71) on October 13, 1859.
• Justinianno Nunes – See the Uniao Lusitana-Hawaiana of March 18, 1893 for the death on March 15, 1893 of Justinianno Nunes of the island of Fogo, aged 34. He left a widow and four children.
• Lourenço Paw, born in Santo Antão, Cabo Verde Islands, resident in Honolulu, got a passport no. 642 in 1849. He was 23, a shopkeeper, 5 feet 6 inches, with black hair, dark eyes, and yellow physiognomy.
• Laie records show Antone (Natos) Pedro, Sr., born about 1838-1845 in Santo Antã o, married to (Kepola) Kahoohuli Koenaia (born about 1840-1849 on Molokai), with children: Antone Ramos Pedro, Jr. (May 23, 1873-Sept. 5, 1959), married about 1893 to Malia Maluaka Kaluaaie (c. 1877-1912).
• Joaquim Santos Pereira, born in Waimea, Kauai, in 1896, son of Manuel Joaquim Pereira (see 41) and Christina da Conceição (see 5), married to Guilhermina or Minnie Gertrudes Abreu, born in Makaweli of a Madeiran father and mother from Sã o Miguel. After living in Waimea for seventeen years he moved to Makaweli [Kauai] where he resided from about 1915; he was luna with the Hawaiian Sugar Company. He died July 31, 1956 (Advertiser August 8, 1956, B5), a veteran of World War I. He had a son, Pedro or Peter Jerome of California (PHM, p. 125) and another one, Joaquim Andrew of the USAF in California, besides a daughter, Christine (Sister Mary Joachim with the Franciscan Order in New York).
• Manuel Joaquim Pereira, born Dec. 1863 in Santa Izabel, Boa Vista, Cabo Verde Islands, married to Christina da Conceição Cabral, born in São Miguel in 1877. Had been a resident of Wailua, Kauai for forty-three years in 1930.
In 1894 he had lived in Hawaii for 9 years and was a hotel-keeper. ⁴⁵ He owned property and had a Sugar Cane business. He had ten children, three married: Anna Jerves (1894), Joaquim (Santos) (1896) (see 40), Manuel (1898), Maria [Mrs. Mary Rita of Kauai], George of California, Anthony or Antone (1900) of Kauai, Carolina, Joseph, John, and Thomas of Kauai. One daughter was Sister Mary Christine of the Sacred Hearts Academy in Honolulu. (PHM, p. 129; 1900 census E D. 35, sh. 2) [1910 census Kauai Co. 207 or 226 Lihue district]. There is a letter from M. J. Pereira of Waimea, Kauai to Mr. J. P. Rodrigues dated February 28, 1910 published in O Luso, 5 March, 1910, p. 1:

FOOTNOTES:

NOTE 2: John & Eulaia Fernandez-Franks Story:
John Francisco de Jesus (Franks) [1846 to 1940] married Eulalia Fernandez [1868 to 1915] in (apx.) 1884 in Honolulu, Hawaii. John & Eulalia Franks had 7 children.
Eulalia Fernandez's father had three wives. Eulalia and her brother were children of his first wife. Her sister, Mary, was the child of a later wife. The Fernandez family came to the Hawaiian Islands from Funchal, Madeira, when Eulalia was very young. She was raised with her brother in Hawaii.
John Francisco and his brother, were born on Brava, Cape Verde Islands. They came to Hawaii together in the early 1880s. There they met the two Fernandez sisters and married them. John was 38, and Eulalia 16, at the time of their marriage. Shortly after the marriages the brothers took their brides back to Brava to introduce them to their relatives. While there, Arcenia was born on March 22, 1885, on Brava. After her birth they travelled to Providence, Rhode Island. While there, Annie as born in 1888 and Francis was born on August 22, 1889. In 1890, John and Eulalia, now aged 44 and 22 respectively, returned to Hawaii at her urging, leaving her sister and his brother in Providence where they had settled. We have an album of pictures of these relatives. After their return to the islands, Louis was born in 1892, Joseph in 1895, Lucina on January 31, 1896, and Frederick in 1899.
John Franks (as he then called himself) worked for the Wilder Steamship Co., Ltd., and later for the Inter-Island Steam Navigation Company. Eulalia died in 1915, at age 47. John retired from the sea nine years later, in 1924, at age 78. Eulalia was an accomplished seamstress and ran a small dressmaking and mending business out of her home. Arcenia was also an accomplished seamstress. Louis, and their son-in-law, Tony Gomes, were both engineers aboard ships.
Of this family, Arcenia Gomes, Frank (Francis) Franks, Carmen Franks (Frank's wife), Louis Franks, Lucy (Lucina) Franks-Drummond and Elena Ann Stoops (Lucy's first grandchild) are buried in St. Helena, California. Freddy (Frederick) Franks is buried at the Valley of the Temples, Kaneohe, HI. John and Eulalia Franks, Annie Franks-Canha and Aldine Canha-Foley are buried in Makiki Cemetery.

NOTE 3: John Franks Obituary in the Honolulu Advertiser on March 5, 1940 read:
“John Franks, Kamaaina, Dies At 94 – John Franks, 2207-A Ala Wai, Kamaaina Honolulu resident and father of Francis Franks, who is vice president and treasurer of the Hawaiian Trust Co., Ltd., died at the Queen's hospital at 8:13 a.m. yesterday after a brief illness. Mr. Franks was out and about up to last week.
Following family services at Borthwick's mortuary at 3:30 p.m. yesterday, the body was cremated and the ashes will be buried later in the family plot in Makiki cemetery.
Born in one of the Portuguese islands on June 19, 1846, Mr. Franks was in his ninety-fourth year. He came to Hawaii 56 years ago in 1884, and for many years was connected with the Wilder Steamship Co., Ltd., and later with the Inter-Island Steam Navigation Co., Ltd., retiring from the sea 15 years ago. After his retirement, Mr. Franks travelled considerably, making several trips to the Pacific and Atlantic coasts of Mainland United States. Mr. Franks was also formerly a house painting contractor.
Mr. Franks became a widower several years ago. Surviving are two daughters, Mrs. Lucy Drummond, with the territorial board of education and Mrs. A. J. Gomes, living in Alameda, California; three sons, Frederick Franks, of the Niumalu Hotel; Joseph Franks, with Contractor M. J. Serpa, and Francis Franks, beside 20 grandchildren and two great grandchildren.“

NOTE 4: The 7 Franks Children:
1. Arcenia [born 3/22/1885 in Brava, CV] married Antone (Tony) Gomes. They had 2 children, Antoinette Gomes and Howard Gomes.
2. Annie [born in 1888 in Providence, RI] married Manuel (Jack) Canha [1890-1972]. They had 2 children, Adalina (Aldine) Louisa and Alvin (Sonny).
3. Francis (Frank) Franks [born 8/22/1889 in Providence, RI and died in Oakland, CA 9/19/1950] married Carmen Grace Dias [6/18/1898 to 8/24/1954] on 7/6/1917. They had 3 children, Irene (Franks) Pacheco, Francis (Franks) Moore and Earl Franks. Frank became Vice President and Treasurer of the Hawaiian Trust Company, Inc.
4. Joseph (Joe) married Henrietta. They had 2 children, Maxell and Melvin Franks.
5. Louis, who was a sailor and remained unmarried all his life.
6. Lucina (Lucy) [my grandmother] (1/31/96-11/22/66) Franks married Robert Drummond. They had 1 child, Lois (Drummond) Stoops.
7. Frederick (Freddie) Franks married Alyce, divorced with no children. He then married Marian, 4 children, Alfred, Jr., Suzanne (Franks) Hall, Antoinette Lois (Toni)(Franks) Granito, and John.

NOTE 5: The Dias family: John P. Dias [1861-1931] and Carmina S. Dias [1871-1956] had close ties with the Franks family. Their children: Theodore V. Dias, Lydia Soures, Clotilde Faria, Carmina Dias-Franks and Alzeria Manuel-Canha were family friends and neighbours. Clotilde's eldest son, Paul Vivas, lives on Black Point Road in Oahu. Lydia Soures daughter, Iris, lives in Honolulu.

NOTE 6: The Gomes family, which consisted of Antone (Tony), Manuel and Joseph Branco, were born on Brava, Cape Verde. Their father changed his name to Gomes, which was his wife's last name. The three brothers came to Hawaii, which was were Tony met and married Arcenia.